which; who and that; whose and where
CONTEXT LISTENING
Look at the names of the TV programmes below.
documentary
news
sports programme
quiz
soap opera
cookery
programme
Match three of them with the pictures.
You are going to hear a guide giving some students a tour of the television studios
Which studio do they visit first, second and third?
Who do the students meet on their tour?
Listen again and complete these sentences.
We may meet some other people who you can talk to.
The news team choose the stories _____ will be in the news.
Here’s a man _____ face you’ll recognise.
That’s the soap opera _____ you can see every evening at seven on TBC.
This is the room _____ Mark asked Jill to marry him.
We report on all the sports events _____ take place around the world.
For instance, people like Sally Ravenna _____ were stars.
Jack’s the man _____ old boots were sold recently for £10,000.
Look at the words you have written.
Can you take out any of the words and keep the same meaning?
Which of the words can you replace with that?
Log into Learnclick to do the exercise and check your answers.
GRAMMAR
Relative clauses
We can give information about someone, something or somewhere by adding a relative clause.
We use a relative pronoun: who, which, whose, where or that:
Which, who and that
Which
We use which to join two ideas about a thing or things:
Here’s a photo. It shows them on their wedding day.
Here’s a photo which shows them on their wedding day.
not Here’s a photo which it shows them on their wedding day. (it = a photo)
Who
We use who to join two ideas about a person or people:
We have different presenters. They’re experts.
We have different presenters who are experts.
not We have different presenters who they are experts. (they = presenters)
We can use that instead of who or which:
Here’s a photo that shows them on their wedding day.
We have different presenters that are experts.
No relative pronoun
Sometimes the verb in the relative clause has a new subject:
You can see the café which Mark owns. (the café is not the subject of owns)
We don’t need to use who or that in the following sentence:
You can see the café which Mark owns. (the café is not the subject of owns)
You can see the café Mark owns.
but we need who or that when there is no new subject.
Compare:
They choose the headline (which/that) the newsreader will read first.
(new subject: the newsreader)
They choose the stories which will be in the news.
(no new subject)
but we need who or that when there is no new subject.
Compare:
Here’s a footballer (who) you’ll recognise.
(new subject: you)
Here’s a footballer who played for England.
(no new subject)
Where and whose
where
We use where to join two ideas about a place.
It means at/in which.
It cannot be left out or replaced by that:
Here’s the desk where the newsreader sits. (not where the newsreader sits at)
(= Here’s the desk. The newsreader sits at that desk.)
whose
We use whose with a noun to mean his/her/their/its.
It cannot be left out or replaced by that:
Jack’s the man whose old boots were sold.
(= Jack’s the man. + His old boots were sold.)
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